Health

Nature Medicine, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04236-6

Publisher Correction: argeting of HIF2-driven cachexia in kidney cancer

Nature Medicine, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-025-04189-2

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with anti-PD-1 plus a VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, donor fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) from complete responders to immunotherapy did not significantly improve the primary endpoint of 12-month progression-free survival (PFS) but did significantly improve median PFS versus placebo FMT.

Nature Medicine, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-025-04186-5

In a phase 2 trial evaluating healthy donor fecal microbial transplantation plus either anti-PD-1 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer or anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 in patients with melanoma, encouraging efficacy was seen in both cohorts, with responses linked to significantly greater loss of baseline bacterial species.

Nature Medicine, Published online: 27 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-025-04177-6

Transcriptomic and clinical data analyses from multiple cohorts of patients with cancer receiving immunotherapy find that PD-1 blockade potentiates tumor-specific IgG1 plasma cell responses that complement cellular immunity and contribute to clinical benefit.

Nature Medicine, Published online: 27 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-025-04195-4

Student-led efforts promoting inclusivity and belonging in US medical schools

Nature Medicine, Published online: 27 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04202-2

Women in medicine face persistent structural and cultural barriers that disproportionately impede career advancement. Here we describe how professional medical associations can advance academic, scholarly and leadership development through inclusive strategies and practical frameworks designed to address both systemic and individual challenges.

According to the most recent Monitoring the Future survey, teen drug use remains at historic lows for the fifth year in a row. The survey, conducted from February through June of last year by the National Institutes of Health, found that the five-year decrease in drug use that began during the COVID-19 pandemic has held for most substances ever since. Many experts and parents believed that the end of social distancing measures when the pandemic ended would see abuse levels among teens rise again, but this hasn’t been the case. Instead, 91 percent of eighth graders, 82 percent of tenth graders, and 66 percent of high school seniors reported that they didn’t use marijuana, alcohol, or nicotine in the month prior to the survey.

Nature Medicine, Published online: 26 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04223-x

Publisher Correction: Interpretable inflammation landscape of circulating immune cells

Nature Medicine, Published online: 23 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-025-04198-1

We propose straightforward principles to foster an evaluation-forward operating system that can transform the adoption of clinical artificial intelligence from a leap of faith into a stepwise, trust-building process.

Nature Medicine, Published online: 23 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41591-025-04174-9

Reorienting Ebola care toward human-centered sustainable practice